Piston-ring.



605322 eases GIA. HENDRIOKSON. PISTON RING. AiPLIOATION FILED MAY 2, 1914.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

' .HElllBElIC/KSON, F CHIGAGG, ILLINOIS.

Patented Feb. 9,

Application filed may 2, 1914. Serial No. 835820.

PISTON m, Hpcciflcation of otters Itetent.

if cilia 13mm it may concern.

t known that l, (lUsrAF ALFRED Hun sincusozs, a citizen of the United States of fiinerics, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cools and State of lllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improve- :ments in listen-Rings, of which the followis s specification.

'lhe main object of this invention is to provide improved pecking rings for the pistons 0% engines arranged to compensate for wear, both on the outer surface of the rings and at the sides of the rings and their containing grooves.

urthcr objects of the invention are to )rovidc urchin rings so dcsi ned that they is 2::

; in all directions,

may be eusil Y nmnufscturcd and ground to the required size; and to provide a packing consisting" of a plurality of enacting splitrings which need nct be elliptic-hi or oi Vari able thickness to provide for uniform ex pansion. 7

An illustrative embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- 1 Figure l is esectional view partly broken away of an engine cylinder and piston having the improved packing rings. Fig. 2 is a plan detail of e pair of intcrfitting rings. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail of the packing rings. Fig". l sectional detail of the packing" rings showing how the differential expansion of the rings compensates for wear the wear being greatly exaggerated for the sake of clcaroess.

@ne feature of this invention is a pair of interfitting split packing rings in which one ring is heavier than the other and consequently has it greater tendency to expand. The expansion of the heavier ring results in compelling the'lighter ring to expand with it, but the interfitting surfaces of the two rings are so formed that during such expansion the rings are urged apart to componsate for any wear occurring between the sides of the rings and their containing grooves.

Referring to the drawings, in Fig. 1, a piston 31 is shown within an engine cylinder and is provided with the improved pacling consisting of a pair of interfittin't or interlocking rings 3 and 4- seated in a groove 5 in the piston. The ring 3 shown with a if-shaped annular projection on its side and. fitting within a corresponding groove in the side of ring The rings also preferably have flat engaging surfaces 9 to avoid sharp edges. A section of each ring is cut away, as indicated at 8 in the drawings, and as is customary to provide for expansion of the rings after the some are forced into their seats in the piston.

in operation such wear as occurs on the outer peripheral surface of the rings is compcnsatcd for by their expansion. However, if the sides of the rings or the sides of the grooms 5 are worn, expansion of ring 3 through the inclined surfaces, provided by the ridge and groove in the rings, causes them to spread apart until such wear is compensated for. The further expansion of ring 3 simply results in carrying the ring 4 with it. i

It is possible to accoinplish the ends of this invention by diffrei. constructions than that shown in the drawings, but the one shown is particularly well adapted for the purposes of manufacture, as such rings may be easily handled by ordinary tools during the grinding and fitting operations. In making 'the pat-sing rings, a cylinder is first cast and then is machined both inside and outside at the same time, in case theinside should not be cast substantially true. The cylinder is then out transverse tojts .Jiis into separate rings. The shapcd faces on the rings are next cut by. suitable shaping tools, after which the pairs of in terlitting rings are placed together and rotated relatively to each other f6r the purpose of guindirlg'the V-shaped faces to exact fit. After theplain faces of the rings are ground to size, the rings are cut open to provide for their contraction to the diam eter of the engine cylinder. After cutting the rings a considerable number are placed in a cylindrical jig to compress them approximately to the diameter of the cylinder m which they are to operate; and while they are so compressed they are clamped on a mandrel by pressure applied to the end rings. The interfitting V-shaped surtaccs on the sides of the rings are well suited for this purpose, as they serve to lock the rings together and have no tendency under the endwise pressure to expand and be displaced on the mandrel, such as would be the case it the rings were provided with single beveled adjacent faces. Accordingly, they may he removed from the lie; and retained on consequently the wear of the rings is uniform throughout their entire peripheries,

since the interfitting surfaces of the rings prevent unequal expansion of either at dif ferent points in its periphery.

Although but one specific embodiment of this invention has been herein shown and described, it Will be understood that numerous details of the construction shown may be altered (Jr-omitted without departing from the spirit of this invention as defined by the following claims.

I claim 2-- 1. A packing for pistons comprising a pair of split rings having inter-fitting ridges and grooves of Lsliaped cross seotion at their adjacent sides.

2. A packing for pistons, comprising a pair of split rings having inter-fitting ridges and. grooves of ii-shaped cross-section at I their adjacent sides, one of said rings having a greater cross-sectional area than the other.

3. A packing for pistons. comprising a pair of split rings having interlocking mam-eta wedging surfaces at their sides, said rings being constructed .to provide for relative movement sidewise under a differential expansion.

i. A packing for pistons, comprising a pair of expansihle rings having intertitting ridges and grooves of li-shaped cross-sec tion at their ad acent sides, one ring having a greater expansive strength than the other.

5 A packing; for pistons, comprising a pair of expansilzle rings having interlocking wedging su'rtaees at their sides, one ring having greater expansive strength than the other.

G. A packing for pistons comprising a pair of split rinas having intertitting surfaces at their adjacent sides, one 'oi said rings being heavierthan the other, said surfaces having 'pplrts shaped to secure said rings against relative expansion when clamped together bv pressure applied in an axial direction and having inclined parts shaped to cause said rings to he forced apart axially through differential radial expansion of the rings.

Signed at Chicago this 29th 01 April. 1914.

GUSTAF ALFRED BEHERIC'KSQN.

Witnesses:

lie-GENE A. Romanian it ILLlAM. E. Hana. 

